Life and works of Jose Rizal | Questions and Answers
𝗟𝗜𝗙𝗘 𝗔𝗡𝗗 𝗪𝗢𝗥𝗞𝗦 𝗢𝗙 𝗗𝗥. 𝗝𝗢𝗦𝗘 𝗥𝗜𝗭𝗔𝗟
1. the gifted physician-novelist of the propaganda?
ans: JOSE RIZAL
2. the number of languages which rizal could speak?
ans: MORE OR LESS 22
3. first written novel of rizal
ans: NOLI ME TANGERE (Touch me Not)
4. place where the novel Noli Me Tangere was published
ans: BERLIN (1887)
5. city where the novel the El Filibusterismo was published
ans: GHENT (1891)
6. the spanish priest who denounced Dr. Rizal's novels as enemies of the catholic region?
ans: FR. JOSE RODRIGUEZ
7. a supporter of the propaganda movement and rizal's best friend
ans: DR. FERDINAND BLUMENTRITT
8. the first poem written by rizal
ans: SA AKING MGA KABATA
9. the best poem ever written by Dr. Jose Rizal
ans: MI ULTIMO ADIOS (ang huling paalam)
10. the most cultured of the reformist
ans: DR. JOSE RIZAL
11. know as "Dimasalang" and " Laon Laan"
ans: Dr. Jose Rizal
12. the book written by Rizal in defence of alleged laziness of the Filipinos
ans: LA INDOLENCIA DE LOS FILIPINOS (the indolence of filipinos)
13. Pen name used by Rizal in his writings in La Solidaridad
ans: LAON LAAN/ LAONG LAAN
14. spanish governor who SIGNED the death sentence of Dr. Rizal
ans: GEN. CAMILIO G. DE POLAVIEJA
15. a translation of Rizal's farewell poem written by Andres Bonifacio in tagalog
ans: PAHIMAKAS
16. date of founding of the fortnightly newpaper "La Solidaridad"
ans: FEB 15, 1889
17. date of last issue of La Solidaridad
ans: NOV. 15, 1895
18. the first spanish friar to attack " Noli" and " Fili"
ans: FRAY JOSE RODRIGUEZ
19. Place where Dr. Rizal conceived the idea of establishing Liga Filipina, a civic association composed of filipinos
ans: HONGKONG
20. helped Rd. Rizal in preparing the constitution of La liga Filipina
ans: JOSE MARIA BASA
21. date when rizal was exiled to Dapitan
ans: JULY 14, 1892
22. Dr. Rizal dedicated his famous poem " A LA JUVENTUD FILIPINA" (to the filipino youth)
ans: THE LIBERAL MINDED STUDENTS AT THE UST
23. to whom dr. Rizal send his letter with this line: "I AM INNOCENT OF THE CRIME OF REBELLION. I AM GOING TO DIE WITH A TRANQUIL CONSCIENCE"
ans: FERDINAND BLUMENTRITT
24. The priest who baptized Rizal
ans. FR. RUFINO COLLANTES
25. Philippine president who made December 30 as Day of National Mourning in Rizal honor
ans: EMILIO AGUINALDO
26. The Rizal family had this many siblings
ans: 11
27. In 1868, Don Kiko brought Rizal to this pilgrimage
ans: PENAFRANCIA
28. ) Left an impression to Rizal about the sacrifice on one's life
ans: GOMBURZA
29. Rizal started his formal schooling in
ans: BINAN
30. Our national hero was born on ____
ans: JUNE 19, 1861
31. The complete name of our national hero.
ans: JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO REALONDA
32. The law which provides that "courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and universities, public or private."
ans: RA 1425 / RIZAL LAW
33. Jose Rizal was fondly called ____by his family and friends.
ans: PEPE
34. What does filibustero mean?
ans: ONE WHO IS AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT
35. In what school did Jose Rizal finish his medical course?
ans: UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE MADRID
36. Jose Rizal's true love who personified Maria Clara in his novel Noli Me Tangere.
ans: LEONOR RIVERA
37. Jose Rizal died at the age of ____
ans: 35
38. The mother of Jose Rizal was imprisoned for how many years due to allegedly poisoning her cousin-in-law?
ans: 2 YEARS AND 6 MONTHS
39. The godfather of Jose Rizal.
ans: REV. PEDRO CASANAS
40. The ninth child of Francisco and Teodora who was an epileptic and died a spinster.
ans: JOSEFA
41. Jose Rizal's first teacher.
ans: TEODORA ALONZO REALONDA
42. The title "El Filibusterismo" means
ans: SUBVERSIVE
43. The main character of Noli Me Tangere is
ans: CRISOSTOMO IBARRA
44. The main character of El Filibusterismo is
ans: ISAGANI
45. The novel, Noli Me Tangere is about
ans: RELIGION, LOVE, SOCIETY
46. The novel, El Filibusterismo is about
ans: POLITICS & REVOLUTION
47. The novel, Noli Me Tangere is dedicated to
ans: MARIA CLARA
48. Noli Me Tangere was inspired by
ans: UNCLE TOM'S CABIN
49. Simoun is a wealthy jeweller who came back to the Philippines after how many years?
ans: 13
50. Crisostomo Ibarra was a student abroad who had his homecoming after how many years?
ans: 7
51. Pilosopo Tasyo is a character in Noli Me Tangere personified by whom in reality?
ans: PACIANO
52. The heaven-sent financer of Noli Me Tangere.
ans: MAXIMO VIOLA
53. The novel, El Filibusterismo came off the press with the financial assistance of
ans: VALENTIN VENTURA
54. The girlfriend of Isagani who dumped him for another man, believing that she has no future if she marries him.
ans: PAULITA GOMEZ
55. The famous Rizal monument in Luneta was not the work of a Filipino but a Swiss sculptor. What was the sculptor's name?
ans: RICHARD KISSLING
56. Rizal discovered 3 species
ans: DRACO RIZALI (Wandolleck), a specie of flying dragon, RACHPHOROUS RIZALI(Boetger), a hitherto unknown specie of toad APOGONIA RIZALI (Heller), a small beetle, which were later named after him.
57. At what age could Jose Rizal read and write?
ans: 5
58. The surname Mercado when translated to english means?
ans: MERCHANT
59. Rizal's dog name is
ans: UZMAN
60. name of Dr. Jose Rizal's son
ans: FRANCISCO (he name his son after his father Francisco Mercado)
_________________
Exploring the Life and Works of Dr. Jose Rizal: Questions and Answers
Dr. Jose Rizal stands as a monumental figure in Philippine history, lauded as the national hero for his pivotal role in advocating for the country's independence from Spanish colonial rule. Born on June 19, 1861, in the town of Calamba in the province of Laguna, Rizal's early life was marked by academic excellence and a profound dedication to justice and nationalism. His comprehensive education began at Ateneo Municipal de Manila, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with high honors. He further pursued medical studies at the University of Santo Tomas and later completed his ophthalmology degree in Europe, particularly in Madrid, Paris, and Heidelberg.
Rizal's multifaceted talents extended beyond medicine; he was also a novelist, poet, and essayist whose works articulated the Filipino struggle for equality and freedom. His most prominent novels, "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," exposed the injustices and inequities of Spanish rule and galvanized the nationalist movement. Beyond literature, Dr. Jose Rizal's reformist ideals were embodied in his involvement with the Propaganda Movement, an organization striving for peaceful reforms and equal treatment for Filipinos under colonial governance. Through his writings and actions, he underscored the significance of education, civic rights, and the collective Filipino identity.
As an intellectual and a patriot, Rizal's life and works created a lasting legacy, inspiring a sense of nationhood and a quest for sovereignty. His execution on December 30, 1896, by the Spanish authorities was intended to quash dissent but instead immortalized Rizal as a martyr and a symbol of resistance. His profound influence permeates Philippine society today, fostering enduring pride and reverence. This introduction sets the stage to delve deeper into Dr. Jose Rizal’s multifaceted contributions and to explore the rich legacy he left behind.
Early Life and Education
Dr. Jose Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, was born in Calamba, Laguna, on June 19, 1861. He was the seventh of eleven children in the Mercado-Rizal family, who were well-to-do and esteemed in their community. The influence of his parents, Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonso, both educated and well-read individuals, played a substantial role in Rizal's early development. The household was a breeding ground for intellectual growth, as both parents were highly supportive of learning, making sure their children received an outstanding education.
Rizal's initial educational journey began in his hometown of Calamba, where he was taught rudimentary subjects by his mother. His education then progressed as he attended a private school in Binan, Laguna, led by Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz. Here, Rizal demonstrated his remarkable intellectual abilities, showing an affinity for knowledge that set him apart from his peers. Despite the primitive conditions and strict discipline of the school, Rizal excelled in his studies.
In 1872, Rizal continued his education at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, a prestigious Jesuit institution. Amidst the more structured and advanced curriculum, he flourished academically and artistically, earning numerous accolades and distinctions. At Ateneo, Rizal developed a broad range of interests, from literature and the arts to sciences, further reflecting the holistic education model instilled by the Jesuits. The diverse exposure significantly broadened his perspective, fostering his early intellectual prowess.
Rizal's early life and education were central to shaping his character and ideals. The combination of a supportive family environment, access to quality education, and exposure to a variety of cultural influences laid a robust foundation for his future endeavors. This period marked the beginning stages of Rizal's transformative journey, which would eventually establish him as a pivotal figure in Philippine history and a beacon of intellectual and moral integrity.
Rizal’s Higher Education and European Travels
Dr. Jose Rizal's pursuit of higher education and extensive travels through Europe were pivotal in shaping his nationalist ideals and reformist vision. Rizal’s academic journey began in Manila, where he attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, earning a Bachelor of Arts with high honors. His intellectual rigor and dedication led him to the University of Santo Tomas for further studies in medicine. However, dissatisfied with the educational system and the prevalent racial discrimination in Manila, Rizal set his sights on Europe to broaden his horizons.
In 1882, Rizal traveled to Madrid and enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid, completing his Licentiate in Medicine in 1884. Alongside his medical studies, Rizal also attended courses in philosophy and literature, reflecting his diverse interests and intellectual curiosity. His time in Madrid brought him into contact with other expatriate Filipino reformists, including members of the Propaganda Movement, who became influential mentors and lifelong friends.
Rizal's academic and intellectual pursuits did not end in Spain. He traveled to Paris, where he continued his medical education under the mentorship of prominent ophthalmologists, honing his skills in eye surgery. His sojourn in Paris also exposed him to a vibrant cultural milieu and the latest political ideas—stimuli that further enriched his burgeoning reformist ideologies.
Rizal’s quest for knowledge took him next to Heidelberg, Germany, a significant chapter in his educational odyssey. At the University of Heidelberg, he attended lectures and worked with Otto Becker, a world-renowned ophthalmologist. His time in the German city provided Rizal with rigorous academic training and an environment conducive to his research and writing endeavors. It was here that he completed a large portion of his seminal work, "Noli Me Tangere."
The transformative effect of Rizal's European travels on his development as both a medical professional and a reformist cannot be overstated. These experiences broadened his worldview, exposed him to progressive ideologies, and cultivated his nationalist sentiments. Rizal’s encounters with European culture and politics provided him a framework to contextualize the socio-political issues in his homeland, and thus, were instrumental in his evolution as the foremost advocate for Philippine reform and independence.
Literary Contributions and Major Works
Dr. Jose Rizal is celebrated as both a patriot and a literary genius whose works have had an enduring impact on Filipino society. Among his most influential pieces are the novels "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which he wrote with the explicit aim of igniting a sense of nationalism and exposing the social and political injustices under Spanish colonial rule.
"Noli Me Tangere," published in 1887, is a profound narrative that lays bare the abuses and corruption of the Spanish clergy and government. The novel centers on Crisostomo Ibarra, who returns to the Philippines after studying in Europe, only to confront the oppressive societal norms and systemic corruption. Through vivid characterizations and a gripping storyline, Rizal underscores the difficulties faced by Filipinos, effectively holding a mirror to the colonial administration's excesses. The book stirred considerable controversy, leading to its prohibition in the Philippines, yet it managed to kindle the flames of resistance among the locals.
Its sequel, "El Filibusterismo," published in 1891, takes a darker tone, reflecting Rizal’s frustration and disillusionment with the slow pace of reform. The protagonist, now operating under the name Simoun, evolves into a revolutionary figure, showcasing a more radical approach to change. While "Noli Me Tangere" presents an almost optimistic plea for reform, "El Filibusterismo" offers a more vehement critique, advocating for a decisive break from colonial oppression. Together, these novels are instrumental in shaping the Filipino consciousness and fostering unity against Spanish tyranny.
Beyond his novels, Rizal’s literary output includes a substantial collection of essays, poems, and articles that equally contributed to his body of work. Essays like “La Indolencia de los Filipinos” (The Indolence of the Filipinos) dissect social issues, while his poem "Mi Ultimo Adios" (My Last Farewell) stands as a poignant testament to his patriotism, written just before his execution. His prolific contributions continue to resonate and inspire, affirming his status as a cornerstone of Philippine literature and a pillar of the anti-colonial movement.
Rizal’s Role in the Philippine Reform Movement
Dr. Jose Rizal’s pivotal role in the Philippine Reform Movement of the late 19th century remains a cornerstone of Philippine history. His active participation in the Propaganda Movement highlighted his dedication to achieving reforms under Spanish colonial rule. Characterized by his intellectual endeavors, Rizal collaborated with prominent Filipino reformists like Marcelo H. del Pilar and Graciano Lopez Jaena, among others, who were equally committed to advocating for the rights and welfare of the Filipino people.
Rizal’s engagement with the Propaganda Movement is perhaps most notably marked by his contributions to ‘La Solidaridad,’ a publication that served as the movement’s principal mouthpiece. In its pages, he fiercely critiqued the abuses of the Spanish clergy and the colonial government, while advocating for social and political reforms. Key essays like “La Indolencia de los Filipinos” and “Sobre la Nueva Ortografía del Tagalog” showcased his analytical mind and his passion for both cultural and educational reforms.
Through ‘La Solidaridad,’ Rizal articulated a vision of a reformed Philippine society that resonated deeply with the Filipino intelligentsia. His writings urged for the assimilation of the Philippines as a province of Spain, believing that such an approach would lead to greater civil liberties, including representation in the Spanish Cortes. This strategic positioning notably contrasted with the more radical calls for outright independence, reflecting Rizal’s belief in gradual, systemic change through institutional reforms.
Rizal’s literary prowess extended beyond essays; his novels ‘Noli Me Tangere’ and ‘El Filibusterismo’ galvanized the intellectual and emotional foundations of Filipino nationalism. These works exposed the socio-economic injustices and deep-seated corruption perpetuated by the Spanish colonizers, demanding empathy and resistance from his readers. By capturing the collective struggles of the Filipino people in his narratives, Rizal’s writings kindled a sense of national identity and a unified clamor for change.
The intellectual exchange among Rizal, del Pilar, and Lopez Jaena not only solidified the coherence of the Propaganda Movement but also amplified its message both within the Philippines and abroad. Their collaboration signified a shared commitment to forging a society marked by equitable governance, education, and the protection of civil liberties. Indeed, Rizal's contributions laid the intellectual groundwork for the eventual movement towards independence, making him an enduring symbol of Philippine reform and nationalism.
Exile in Dapitan and Contributions to Local Community
During his four-year exile in Dapitan, Mindanao, Dr. Jose Rizal demonstrated an unwavering commitment to the betterment of the local community. Banished by Spanish authorities in 1892 due to his revolutionary ideas, Rizal utilized his time in Dapitan to engage in a myriad of activities that uplifted the area and its inhabitants, marking his exile as a period of substantial community service and intellectual growth.
One of Rizal's significant undertakings in Dapitan was the establishment of a school. Recognizing the importance of education in fostering progress, he set up a small learning institution where he taught various subjects including Spanish, English, mathematics, and the sciences to local children. Through his holistic and progressive educational approach, Rizal nurtured a new generation poised for development and critical thinking.
Rizal's contributions extended beyond education. His medical expertise also played a pivotal role in the community. As a practising ophthalmologist, he provided free medical care to those in need, performing surgeries and treating numerous patients suffering from eye-related issues. His work significantly improved the health standards in Dapitan, earning him the gratitude and admiration of the local populace.
Furthermore, Rizal's efforts in promoting agriculture had a lasting impact. He introduced modern farming techniques and crop cultivation methods to enhance agricultural productivity. By developing new irrigation systems and planting various types of crops, he helped local farmers optimize their yields, thus ensuring food security and economic stability in the region.
In addition to his contributions to education, medicine, and agriculture, Rizal also delved into scientific research and discoveries. His interest in natural sciences led him to collect numerous specimens of local flora and fauna, which he documented meticulously. His findings contributed valuable knowledge to Philippine biodiversity, showcasing his dedication to scientific inquiry and environmental conservation.
Through these multifaceted contributions, Dr. Jose Rizal exemplified unwavering service and resilience. Even in exile, his indomitable spirit and selfless endeavors left an indelible mark on Dapitan. He not only utilized his expertise to address the immediate needs of the community but also inspired others to pursue education, sustainable agriculture, and scientific exploration—a legacy that continues to resonate today.
The Trial and Execution of Jose Rizal
Dr. Jose Rizal, a revered figure in Philippine history, faced persecution from the Spanish colonial authorities, culminating in his arrest, trial, and execution. Amidst the politically charged climate of the late 19th century, Rizal was accused of sedition, conspiracy, and rebellion, primarily based on his writings and alleged involvement in revolutionary activities. These charges stemmed from his association with the reformist movement La Liga Filipina and his influential novels "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," which exposed the injustices of Spanish rule.
Rizal was arrested on November 3, 1896, and transported to Fort Santiago in Manila. The trial, held by a Spanish military court, was a swift and biased process designed to ensure a guilty verdict. Despite the lack of concrete evidence, the prosecution portrayed Rizal as the instigator of the Philippine Revolution. Throughout the proceedings, Rizal maintained his innocence, arguing that he had always advocated for peaceful reforms rather than armed insurrection. His articulate defense, however, fell on deaf ears as the court had predetermined his fate.
The political environment at the time was fraught with tension. The Philippine Revolution, led by the Katipunan, had already begun, and Spanish authorities were determined to quell any further dissent. Rizal's execution was seen as a means to intimidate and discourage the burgeoning revolutionary movement. On December 30, 1896, Rizal was executed by firing squad at Bagumbayan (present-day Rizal Park) in Manila. His composed demeanor and final moments, marked by his unwavering commitment to his ideals, solidified his status as a martyr.
Rizal's execution ignited a fervor among Filipinos, strengthening their resolve to fight for independence. His martyrdom became a unifying force, inspiring many to join the revolutionary cause. The death of Dr. Jose Rizal thus served as a powerful catalyst, significantly propelling the Philippine Revolution forward and ultimately leading to the nation's quest for freedom from Spanish colonization.
Rizal’s Legacy and Impact on Modern Philippines
Dr. Jose Rizal’s contributions to the Philippines extend far beyond his literary works and martyrdom. His legacy is interwoven with the national identity and values of the Filipino people. Today, Rizal is commemorated through numerous establishments, monuments, and public holidays. Every December 30th, Rizal Day is observed, honoring his death anniversary and celebrating his role in Filipino history.
In addition to national holidays, Rizal's legacy is visible through various educational institutions bearing his name, all dedicated to fostering a sense of patriotic duty and pride. The Rizal Shrine in Calamba, his birthplace, and the Rizal Park in Manila, where a monument stands prominently, serve as pilgrimage sites for those who wish to honor his memory. These landmarks not only preserve his legacy but also educate the public about his enduring contributions to the nation's quest for independence.
The life of Rizal also holds significant relevance in contemporary movements for freedom and reform. His advocacy for peaceful and intellectual resistance continues to inspire modern activists and leaders. His writings, particularly "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," remain pertinent as they address themes of social justice, human rights, and national sovereignty. These works resonate deeply with present-day issues, offering timeless insights and strategies for achieving equity and reform.
On the global stage, Rizal's impact is recognized and respected. Various countries around the world, including Spain, Germany, and the United States, have established commemorations and monuments in his honor. This international recognition underscores his influence as a figure of intellectual excellence and moral fortitude, transcending geographical boundaries.
Dr. Jose Rizal's life and works continue to be a source of inspiration, reflecting the enduring struggle for freedom and human dignity. His legacy nurtures a profound sense of national pride and unity, reinforcing the values that form the core of Filipino identity. Through the remembrance of Rizal, the Philippines upholds his vision for a just and independent society.